Reading List/PMID 35953241
Coleman CJ et al.·2022·British journal of sports medicine

Dose-response association of aerobic and muscle-strengthening physical activity with mortality: a national cohort study of 416 420 US adults.

Abstract

To investigate the dose-response association of aerobic physical activity (PA) and muscle-strengthening exercise (MSE) with all-cause mortality. National Health Interview Survey data (1997-2014) were linked to the National Death Index through 2015, which produced a cohort of 416 420 US adults. Cox proportional-hazard models were used to estimate HRs and 95% CIs for the associations of moderate aerobic PA (MPA), vigorous aerobic PA (VPA) and MSE with mortality risk. Models controlled for age, sex, race-ethnicity, income, education, marital status, survey year, smoking status, body mass index and chronic conditions. Relative to those who engaged in no aerobic PA, substantial mortality risk reduction was associated with 1 hour/week of aerobic PA (HR: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.83 to 0.86) and levelled off at 3 hours/week of aerobic PA (0.73, 0.71 to 0.75). Similar results were observed for men and women and for individuals younger and older than 60 years. MSE conferred additional mortality risk reduction at 1 time/week (0.89, 0.81 to 0.97) and appeared no longer beneficial at 7 times/week (0.99, 0.94 to 1.04). The minimum effective dose of aerobic PA for significant mortality risk reduction was 1 hour/week of MPA or VPA, with additional mortality risk reduction observed up to 3 hours/week. For older adults, only small decreases in mortality risk were observed beyond this duration. Completing MSE in combination with aerobic PA conferred additional mortality risk reduction, with a minimum effective dose of 1-2 times/week.

岡本賢の読み方

Coleman 2022(British Journal of Sports Medicine, n=416,420)は、有酸素と筋トレを組み合わせた効果を1日刻みで定量化した良い研究。週1時間の有酸素で死亡リスク15%減、3時間で27%減で頭打ち。筋トレを週1〜2回追加すると、それぞれにさらに効果が乗る。

ここから読み取るべきは「最低ラインの低さ」と「飽和点の存在」。週150分の運動推奨はWHOの目標だが、Colemanのデータでは週60分でもう半分以上の効果が出ている。「ゼロから何かやる」ことのリターンが圧倒的に大きい。

外来で「全然運動できていない」と言う患者には、まず「週3回×20分の早歩き」をスタート地点にしてもらう。これだけで研究の最低ラインに届く。「3時間以上は別に頑張らなくていい」と伝えると、ハードルが下がって続く。

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